– Definition of internationally accepted unit of measurement.

– Realization of these units of measurement in practice

– Application of chains of traceability which links measurements made in practice to reference standards.

Metrology also has three basic subfields, all of which make use of the three basic activities, though in varying proportions:

– Scientific or fundamental metrology

– Applied, technical or industrial metrology

– Legal metrology

Scientific or fundamental metrology concerns the establishment of quantity systems, unit systems, units of measurement, the development of new measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability from these standards to users in society. The BIPM maintains a database of the metrological calibration and measurement capabilities of various institutes around the world. These institutes, whose activities are peer-reviewed, provide the top-level reference points for metrological traceability. In the area of measurement the BIPM has identified nine areas. These metrological areas include length,mass and time.

Applied, technical or industrial metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society, ensuring the suitability of measurement instruments, their calibration and quality control of measurements. Although the emphasis in this area of metrology is on the measurements themselves, traceability of the calibration of the measurement devices is necessary to ensure confidence in the measurements.

Legal metrology concerns activities which result from statutory requirements and concern measurement, units of measurement, measuring instruments and methods of measurement and which are performed by competent bodies.

Ex. 2. Answer the questions

1. What is metrology ?

2. What is legal metrology ?

3. What are the three main activities of metrology ?

4. What organization gave the definition for metrology ?

5. What is necessary to ensure confidence in measurements?

Ex. 3. Are these sentences true or false ?

1. Metrology deals with measurements.

2. The BIPM provides people wi th reference standards in different fields.

3. In the area of measurement the BIPM has identified ten areas.

4. These areas of measurement defined by the BIMP include mass, time, length.

5. Applied metrology is connected with applying measurement science for only research process.

6. The activities which are concerned by legal metrology result from statutory requirements.

7. Measuring devices provide the confidence of measurement.

Ex. 4. Fill the blanks using the words from the text: «Metrology» .

Metrology studies measurements. This science include both theoretical and practical …According to the definition given by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM): metrology is a science of measurement which gives theoretical and experimental … at any level of uncertainty. The main goals of metrology is to … units of measurements, to realize … into practice and t o apply the chains of traceability which connects measurements made in practice with …

Ex. 5. Match the beginning with the endings based on the text

Ex. 6. Put the question to the bold-typed words:

1. Scientific metrology concerns the establishment of quantitysystems.

2. The Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) maintains the international vocabulary of metrology (VIM).

3. BIPM has identified nine areas

4. These metrological areas include time, mass, length.

5. Legal metrology is a subfield of metrology.

Ex. 7. Make the summary of the text: «Metrology» using the following plan:

1. Definition of metrology;

2. Subfields of metrology;

3. The object of study of scientific metrology;